New large language models like Moonshot¡¯s Kimi K3 have dominated the debate about China¡¯s artificial intelligence ambitions. Yet the clearest evidence of the country¡¯s prowess may be in video, and the stakes could extend far beyond just shaking up Hollywood.

Outside of Alphabet¡¯s Google, nearly all of the leading video-generation models are Chinese, making up nine of the top 10 text-to-video systems on benchmarking platform Artificial Analysis¡¯ leaderboard.

ByteDance and MiniMax Group recently released back-to-back updates to their rival video-generation models. That followed the surprise emergence of ¡°Happy Horse,¡± a secretive video system that rattled the industry before being revealed as an Alibaba Group Holding project. Add Kuaishou Technology¡¯s Kling, Beijing-based ShengShu Technology¡¯s Vidu, as well as a host of other startups, and China has developed an unusually crowded roster of major players in a field that U.S. leaders including OpenAI and Anthropic have deprioritized.